Which following statements is true of institutions?

a. they do not constrain the range of available actions.
b. they only emphasize rules.
c. they are not static.
d. they only include formal institutions.

c.They are not static.

Explanation:Institutions are never static , they always are the product of human agreements, they include the family, the economy the government, etc.

Since they are measures for distributing benefits and responsibilities as well as regulating society, there will always be a possibility for change.

However institutions change throughout time, although some sudden or radical changes in institutions can happen, and generally, this is a slow process.

There are political means for changing or making reforms for the interest of keeping the society together.

The enduring social rules and procedures are enforced through the institutions, whether formal or informal rules.

These agreements make up the social , economic and political world we live in.

Sociology is often portrayed as the science of institutions and their change , for it seeks to explain their origin and the functions

mali had been a state inside of the ghanaian empire. after ghana fell because of invading forces and internal disputes, mali rose to greatness under the leadership of a legendary king named sundiata, the "lion king." the songhai empire, already weakened by internal political struggles, went into decline.