"when compared with others, people believe that they are more likely to own their own homes and live a long life, and that they are less likely to have a heart attach or a drinking problem" These beliefs are due to the .

Optimism bias.

Explanation:

The concept of optimism bias was developed by Weinstein in 1980 while researching on college students. It is also known as 'mistaken beliefs'.

Optimism bias can be defined as a cognitive bias, according to which a person tends to believe that the chance of experiencing negative events is less or low and chances of experiencing positive events are high for them in comparison to their peers.

There are pros and cons to such types of beliefs as people are less likely to assess any risk which will lead them to poor decision making. Though, optimism bias can also help to build self-esteem.

In the given case, when people compare themselves with their peers and believe that the probability of negative experience in their life is less and positive experience is high is due to optimism bias.

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