are fragments of pre-existing materials that have been broken down through the processes of weathering.

The answer is sediments.

Explanation:

Sediment refers to a natural material that is spoiled by some processes concerning weathering and erosion. This material is also transported because of the effect of wind, water, or ice when gravity's force affects the particles.

Sediments are usually transported by water. However, they are also transported by the wind as well as glaciers. Some examples related to fluvial transport and deposition include beach sands as well as river channel deposits.    

experiments.

surveys.

questionnaires.

interviews.

case studies.

participant and non-participant observation.

observational trials.

studies using the delphi method.

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