Suppose the labor-force participation rate of men is greater in Troy than in Sparta. This could be because the men of Troy Group of answer choices spend more time in school and have earlier and longer retirements than men in Sparta. spend more time in school and have later and shorter retirements than men in Sparta. spend less time in school and have earlier and longer retirements than men in Sparta. spend less time in school and have later and shorter retirements than men in Sparta.

Spend less time in school and have later and shorter retirements than men in Sparta.

Explanation:

Sparta was a society toward the war, and because of that, it's citizens had a strong theoretical and practical training, which lead them to spend more time in school, and a retirement in a minimal age, traditionally after a long period serving abroad. On the other hand, Troy had the tradition of training its citizens to be both (soldiers and civils), but because of the geographical characteristics of the city, closer to the shores and the mountains, it was necessary a strong labor force. They spend less time in school and retire later.

this null effect is caused by a weak manipulation and ineffective internal validity. in a scientific study, as the one dr. morimoto is trying to perfom, internal validity refers to the confidence placed in the cause-effect relationship and to how well an experiment is done and able to eliminate confounding variables.        

in an absolute  monarchy, the  monarchrules as an autocrat, with absolutepower  over the state and government — for example, the right to rule by decree, promulgate laws, and impose punishments. the  monarch isnominally sovereign but the electorate, through their legislature, exercise political sovereignty.