Four-year-old Stanford refuses to walk down an aisle in the toy department because most of the toys on the shelves are pink. This is an example of gender .

Typing

Gender typing is the cognitive process where a child becomes aware of their own gender, including the expectations, roles, and stereotypes of that gender.

In this example, Stanford realizes his own gender is male, which is not associated with the color pink. He has been typed to believe that pink is not a masculine color. The toy aisle having mostly pink toys goes against this typing, causing confusion and distress from him, leading to his refusal to go near them.

b) to encourage free trade

productive most commonly means: achieving or producing a significant amount or result.

explanation:

productive can also mean:

these depend on how the word productive is used. most likely productive will mean   achieving or producing a significant amount or result.