There are two types of real-time systems depending on the consequences of missing the deadline. A real-time system risks total system failure if the predicted time deadline is missed.

Hard real-time system

Explanation:

A real-time system can be said to be a system in which processing of data is carried out within its time limits. In other words, real-time systems as the name implies are time based.

There are two (2) types of real-time systems depending on the consequences of missing the deadline, namely;

1. Hard real-time system

2. Soft real-time system

Hard real-time systems risk total system failure if the predicted time deadline is missed. Missed deadline in hard real-time systems are normally accompanied by catastrophic events. Perfect examples of hard real-time system include the flight controller system, the heart pacemaker etc.

Soft real-time systems do not risk total system failures if the time deadline is missed. Missed deadlines are not accompanied by catastrophic events in soft real-time systems. Examples of soft real-time system include, online retail outlets etc.

i would say b. research typically uses a variety of sources

marginal cost is a microeconomic measure that us to evaluate the extent to which the level of production of a good is sustainable in accounting, that is, to how many quantities the company plans to profit from the production of the good.

the concept of marginal cost is simple, it means the cost of producing one more item. for example, in the case of pies, the marginal cost is the cost of producing one more pie than those that have already been produced.

it is important to understand that productive activity influences marginal cost. the marginal cost of some goods can be very high, while others may be insignificant. for example, the marginal cost of producing an extra plane is very high. already the marginal cost of a water company to provide 1l more water is derisory.

in the case of pies, the cost involves the inputs, the labor and the fixed cost, which involves the fixed space of the bakery. the level of production initially has the marginal cost decreasing because there is space and manpower available. however, to produce more you have to hire more workers and buy more inputs. if physical space is limited, workers will conflict with places, inputs and their productivity will decrease, meaning there is an optimum point of production for each level of space and manpower. from this point on, the productivity of the workers will be getting smaller because of lack of space, so that the marginal cost of producing one more pie will be increasing. so, although you have not posted the chart, but if you have the answer, you can see that my explanation goes according to the marginal cost curve that will increase from the 4th pie, answer (c).