As the Board of Governors of the American Red Cross considers planning, one option is to make strategic plans and then direct managers to align tactical and operational plans accordingly. Another option is to have planning specialists help managers across the organization make their own plans. Why might this organization’s executives opt for the latter approach?
A- The environment is a dynamic one, and department and frontline managers can come up with more responsive plans than can central leadership.
B- Resources will be better coordinated across the organization in support of the overall strategy.
C- Senior leadership will have more control over the organization's direction.
D- When managers come up with their own plans, they are likely to be more committed to following through on them.

A). The environment is a dynamic one, and department and frontline managers can come up with more responsive plans than can central leadership.

D). When managers come up with their own plans, they are likely to be more committed to following through on them.

Explanation:

As per the given description, the options A and D display the key reason for the organization opting for the 'planning specialists who would help the managers of the organization to form their own plans.' The organizational environment is quite dynamic and thus, the managers would be able to generate more constructive and responsible plans that can override leadership and promote commitment to follow through these plans. Therefore, these were the key reasons for which the organization has adopted the latter('planning specialists') over the former('strategic plans and direction to managers'). Hence, options A and D are the correct answers.

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