In organizational culture, means-end orientation refers to . a. the degree to which management focuses on outcomes rather than on techniques and processes used to achieve results b. the degree to which rules, policies, and direct supervision are used to oversee and control employee behavior c. the degree to which the organization monitors and responds to changes in the external environment d. the degree to which employees are encouraged to be aggressive, innovative, and risk seeking

a. the degree to which management focuses on outcomes rather than on techniques and processes used to achieve results.

Explanation:

Work climate, tension rates, co-worker relationships, and workplace behavior make up the atmosphere of the company. By rating a company on a variety of continuums, such as means-end orientation, membership identity,  and risk aversion, strategic choices may be adapted to the atmosphere of a single workplace. Means-end orientation explains how much the company depends on procedures versus end outcomes.

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explanation: