During the study discussed in the passage, different sized circles were displayed before a shock was delivered to the participants. The shock and the resulting fear are examples of which aspects of classical conditioning, respectively?
Unconditioned stimulus and unconditioned response

The shock is an unconditioned stimulus because it triggers a naturally- occurring response, and the fear is an unconditioned response that naturally occurs when presented with a shock.

Which leader was the first african american president at two different institutions for higher learning

Which of the following is true of emotions? (a) a neurologically-intact baby can show at least six distinct emotions at birth. (b) the character of emotions changes as we develop cognitively. (c) basic emotions are culturally- and developmentally-based. (d) in general, adults cannot interpret infant emotions until the infants are 10 to 12 months old.

Which of the following is true of cultural syndromes of distress? a. it refers to attributing pathological symptoms to normative cultural differences. b. refers to misinterpreting culturally sanctioned behavior as expressions of pathological symptoms. c. it refers to the ways that communities and cultural groups communicate and express their distressing thoughts, behaviors, and emotions. d. it refers to patterns of symptoms that tend to cluster together for individuals in specific cultural groups, communities, or contexts.