After making makes a series of observations of a certain phenomenon in a laboratory, a scientist develops a theory that explains these results and predicts new values for future observations. Another scientist makes a series of appropriate observations but his results always contradict the predictions of the theory. What should the first scientist do?

Try to change his theory to correlate with the new observations, otherwise, discard his theory.

Explanation:

For scientist to develop a thoery, he must be able to follow the following steps:

1. Making of observation

2. List out questions relating to the object of research

3. Create hypotheses

4. Form prediction on the basis of hypotheses

5. Test the prediction

6. Perform iteration

Hence, if the predictions of the theory correlates with the results of the test, the theory will be temporarily confirmed. Otherwise, the scientist should try to change his theory to correlates or be in accordance with the new observations and, if he cannot do so, discard his theory.