This argument—"If Einstein invented the steam engine, then he's a great scientist. Einstein did not invent the steam engine. Therefore, he is not a great scientist"—is an example of

Denying the consequent

Explanation:

In denying the consequent is an inference rule or a form of an argument that is usually valid.it is used when a statement is affirm to be true then the reverse, antonym or opposite of the statement holds true also( contrapositive). It has a Latin Name called " Modus tollens" which implies" a way that denies" when a consequent is denied, we also implies that the antecedent is also denied. Example I say if John is brilliant,he will have the answer to this question of ours but when John does not have the answer, we can say the opposite that John is not brilliant (that is John is dull).

taking a bath requires the most water out of the given options because it takes a significant amount of water in order to fill a bathtub.

permafrost layer, it exists beneath a layer of soil, rock or sediment.