Jim is using the rational decision-making process to decide a course of action for the marketing department. While selecting a preferred alternative, a fellow worker asks, "What if something unexpected happens during the implementation of the alternative we have selected?" This type of question is an example of

Planning for contingencies.

Explanation:

Planning for contingencies is defined as the plan which is made for company event that may or may not take place in future.It helps organization for any situation in efficient manner without failing. If actual plan fails, then this is used as alternative action.

According to the question, example depicts about planning of contingencies. As Jim is involved making decision for marketing department , he is also involving alternative plan which does not have certain prediction of occurring in future .    

well, paralell is parallel. i am providing links to .

hope this !

a series circuit is one with all the loads in a row. there is only one path for the electricity to flow. if this circuit was a string of light bulbs, and one blew out, the remaining bulbs would turn off.

unlike in series circuits, a charge in a parallel circuit encounters a single voltage drop during its path through the external circuit. the current through a given branch can be predicted using the ohm's law equation and the voltage drop across the resistor and the resistance of the resistor.

a parallel circuit has certain characteristics and basic rules: a parallel circuit has two or more paths for current to flow through. voltage is the same across each component of the parallel circuit.

answer; i believe the correct answer is (8) eight.