What is a disadvantage of using the strongest manipulation possible in a research? It can result in nonsignificant findings. It can cause a ceiling effect. It creates a situation different from a real-world situation. It invalidates previous published researches.

It can result in nonsignificant findings.

Explanation:

The strongest manipulation would render any research insignificant

answer; women of color tend to be misrepresented as either "good girls" or "bad girls';

answer; did not understand that the act was wrong because she/he was suffering from a mental illness;