If the Japanese yen is expected to appreciate against the U. S. dollar and interest rates in the United States and Japan are similar, banks may try speculating on this anticipated exchange rate movement by borrowing and investing in.

Advances in learning and technology made long ocean voyages possible

It could be anything, recent improvements in technology/telecommunication/internet have increased the pace of globalization.generally, it has something to do with technology. globalization means that people around the world are brought together through technology which speeds things up. so maybe some of those options could be correct. : )