When given a choice, students prefer announced exams over unannounced exams. This information reduces stress because students can relax except on the day that the exam is given. This interpretation of reduced stressed by being able to relax is based on the .
1. preparatory response hypothesis
2. safety hypothesis

2. safety hypothesis                      

Explanation:

Safety hypothesis: In psychology, the term "safety hypothesis" is described as a phenomenon that signifies that arousal is considered as to be greatest for any unpredictable thing that happens in an organism's life during the "intertrial intervals" instead of a presentation of the information. However, it is responsible for reducing or preventing expressions associated with fearful behaviors.

In the question above, the given statement represents the safety hypothesis.

the correct answer is 2.

a slump in geology means a mass movement process of slope failure. a mass of rock or unconsolidated material drops along a slip surface. in other words, rock layers move a short distance down the slope. the slump block is an intact block (2), without any landslide material.

in this image, 1 is the surface of rapture (scarp), 2 the slump block, 3 main scarp (crown), 4 base of rapture with debris flow.

slumps are caused by clear cutting on unstable soils and the sagging of earth, in coastal areas they are due to wave infiltration.

where is the