What policy was implemented in South Africa after 1948?

Apartheid

Explanation:

Apartheid, which translates to "apartness" in Afrikaans, was a system of racial segregation established in South Africa. The National Party government implemented it in 1948.

a punishment or the threat of punishment used to enforce conformity. enforcement of norms or shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations. social control. not everyone internalizes all of society's norms, and some people must be motivated by self-fulfillment.