In response to declining reading scores in local schools, John wrote an editorial suggesting that schools need to increase interest in reading books by providing students with incentives. Based on research showing a relation between use of incentives and student reading, he recommended providing a free pizza coupon for every ten books a student reads.
1. Explain how each of the following psychological concepts can be used to refute John’s argument.
a. Correlational research
b. Overjustification effect

a. Correlational research: correlation is different to causation; the relationships may be because of a third variable.

b. Overjustification effect: extrinsic motivators may reduce intrinsic motivators.

Explanation:

a. A correlational research studies the relationship between 2 variables, without any external variables involved. In this case, the relationship might be thanks to a third variable.

b. Extrinsic refers to external motivators and in this case the extrinsic motivators might reduce the students' desire to read.

is this an essay or multiple choice