jim frequently gets into arguments with his brother. In the past, Jim has attempted to assert himself and voice his opinion on things, but is quickly ignored by his brother. Now when Jim and his brother get into an argument, he thinks, "Why bother even trying to reason with him." Jim is most likely experiencing .

Learned helplessness.

Explanation:

Learned helplessness is behavior exhibited by a subject after enduring repeated aversive stimuli beyond their control. A person suffers from a sense of powerlessness, arising from a traumatic event or persistent failure to succeed.

    racial conflict and discrimination has existed ever since man learned to kill with rocks and bones. these conflicts arose from disputes between territory, power, wealth, religion, or simple difference. some of the most infamous racial disputes include slavery, the holocaust, and the civil rights movement.

    these listed disputes often resulted in casualties from all sides. riots, wars, imprisonment, and lynching are all commonly associated with racial conflict on severe levels.

      however, racism is an improving issue in recent decades. people are being more accepting and welcoming of diverse populations. though, the world isn't perfect and it will take much more time, if ever, until the world is rid of racism.

d. the polar jet stream   lies between the polar easterlies and trade winds should be your answer