In his speech advocating a smoking ban on campus, Reginald stated, "Last month I distributed over 500 surveys to students asking if they favored a campus-wide smoking ban, and 395 indicated that they did. It is clear that the student body at State U. favors a smoking ban." Reginald has used reasoning from

D. specific instances

Explanation:

The instance is the occurrence of the event while the specific instance refers to the occurrence of the event fo a particular person or specific purpose  

Since in the question it is mentioned that in the last month 500 surveys were distributed for the smoking ban for favoring it across the campus out of which the 395 reflects that are favoring this  

So this scenario represents the specific instance situation

i believe the answer is:   psychological  experiment

in this experiment, wilhelm wundt became the first person that implement scientific method in analyzing the pyschological phenomenon.

due to this result, wilhelm wundt also able to make psychology to be acknowledged as a separate scientific field from biology.