Recent evidence suggests that neither frustration theory nor sequential theory explains PREE. the sequential theory better explains PREE. the frustration theory better explains PREE. both sequential and frustration mechanisms can promote responding during extinction.

c. both sequential and frustration mechanisms can promote responding during extinction.

Explanation:

Both sequential and frustration theories explain why there is increased resistance to extinction even when there should be extinction. The sequential theory explains that the subject's response increases when zero reward is followed by a reward intermittently so that the subject's memory of nonreward and reward trials boost response. In the same vein the frustration theory explains that a subject's response is increased with the partial reinforcement extinction effect whereby the subject is unable to notice when extinction begins(the discrimination hypothesis) and therefore keeps anticipating reward

the united states constitution is the supreme law of the united states. the constitution, originally comprising seven articles, delineates the national frame of government. its first three articles embody the doctrine of the separation of powers, whereby the federal government is divided into three branches: the legislative, consisting of the bicameral congress; the executive, consisting of the president; and the judicial, consisting of the supreme court and other federal courts. articles four, five and six embody concepts of federalism, describing the rights and responsibilities of state governments, the states in relationship to the federal government, and the shared process of constitutional amendment. article seven establishes the procedure subsequently used by the thirteen states to ratify it. it is regarded as the oldest written and codified national constitution in force.

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