What was the term for Britain's treatment of the 13 Colonies, allowing them to mostly govern themselves and have a good bit of freedom for self government? *

Salutary Neglect

Explanation:

Britain did not conflict in colonial affairs regarding the self-governance at the beginning of the settlement. The British policy of "Salutary Neglect" introduced when the British government was not forcing any laws in colonies. The plan implemented on a condition which allows raw materials to export to Britain, and a market for finished goods from England in America. Consequences to this, the colonists became habitual to self-rule themselves.