In Section 3.5.4 , we discussed the doubling of the timeout interval after a timeout event. This mechanism is a form of congestion control. Why does TCP need a window-based congestion-control mechanism (as studied in Section 3.7 ) in addition to this doubling-timeoutinterval mechanism?

this null effect is caused by a weak manipulation and ineffective internal validity. in a scientific study, as the one dr. morimoto is trying to perfom, internal validity refers to the confidence placed in the cause-effect relationship and to how well an experiment is done and able to eliminate confounding variables.        

try something like republic or democracy joined or something because its talking about a election party.

the first question's answer is a.

what organizations did you select