What are the two major reasons for the crisis in Islam?

Is even more difficult to analyze because of the lack of cues in computer mediated communication.

Who is the speaker in this excerpt from book 13 of homer’s odyssey, and what inference can you make from the tone?

Chris, a master at office gossip and innuendo, says, "we know we have a corporate spy someplace in the organization, probably on the management team itself. there is no evidence that it is audrey. in fact, she's too clean, if you know what i mean. somebody should fire audrey; she's got to be the spy." by making this argument chris is actually engaging in (a) an appeal to emotion fallacy (b) a straw man fallacy (c) an appeal to ignorance fallacy (d) circular reasoning (e) an appeal to the mob fallacy