Jamie coaches a team of 10-year-old girls in softball. When they lost to their archrivals by a score of 7-2, the girls complained that the umpire was not fair and that they would have won if they had played on their home field. This is an example of .'

self-serving bias

Explanation:

The scenario being described is an example of a self-serving bias. This is mainly when someone blames other people or factors for the bad things that have happened to them. In this scenario, the girls are blaming the umpire as the reason that they lost the match, but in reality the girls most likely lost the match because they did not play as good as the oppossing team. For the team it is much easier to blame the umpire instead of accepting that the reason for losing was due to their own lack of practice.

answer: musical connotation

leonard b. meyer (1918-2007) was an american composer, author and philosopher. his work emotion and meaning in music is perhaps the first major treatise on music. it is a philosophical and psychological work, greatly influenced by koffka (one of the major proponents of gestalt psychology). his work deals with the problem of musical meaning and musical communication.