behavior operates on the environment, whereas behavior occurs as an automatic response to some stimulus.

Operant; respondent

Explanation:

Respondent as a Behavior form is as a result of a new conditioned stimulus.

Food/light (S) --Salivate (R).

Operant behavior dwells on the environment to produce effects needed. It is a behavior that is selected, maintained, and brought under control as a function of its consequences

mali had been a state inside of the ghanaian empire. after ghana fell because of invading forces and internal disputes, mali rose to greatness under the leadership of a legendary king named sundiata, the "lion king." the songhai empire, already weakened by internal political struggles, went into decline.