World population growth showed a dramatic increase in the eighteenth century because of the

The Industrial Revolution increased demand, creating larger markets, making economies of scale possible, which in turn leading to urbanization, thus overcoming the perimeters set in place by Thomas Malthus, who theorized that while population grows geometrically, the supply of food grows arithmetically.

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It should be at the center of any map going vertically: the prime meridian, as it passes through greenwich,  england, is considered 0 degrees longitude