What does it mean to say that courts of appeals only have appellate jurisdiction?
a. they only hear cases brought against the u. s. by foreign nations.

b. they only hear cases that have been heard by the supreme court.

c. they only hear cases concerning taxes collected by customs officials.

d. they only hear cases on appeal from the lower courts in their districts.

Whether or not a given study has the possibility of causing harm to participants:

Click on  the link  to view information gathered by the organization keep america beautiful. read "the costs of american littering" to find three negative effects of litter in local communities.  based on your research, what are the negative effects of litter in local communities? check all that apply.litter cleanup is very expensive.litter has decreased since 1969.litter is a constant community problem.litter causes property in the community to be less valuable.litter contaminates water and has other environmental consequences.

Ssignment 4: contemporary issues in modern police operations and the policing due week 10 and worth 180 points select one to two (1-2) contemporary issues in modern police operations and examine the related law enforcement agencies, change, and efficiency.