When local fishermen are affected by the dumping of toxic waste into the local river by a factory, we call this ? 1- external costs
2- total welfare
3-external benefits
5- social benefits

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External cost

Explanation:

External cost is a negative externality that occurs when the action of an economic agent results into a negative effect on a third party that wasn't involved in the transaction.

Here, the local fishermen being affected by the dumping of toxic waste into the local river by a factory, shows an external cost. The production activities of the firm resulted in the spillover effect.

we need a diagram to you sorry

answer; conditional stimulus will trigger a conditioned response;