2Comparing the California test scores to test scores in Massachusetts is appropriate for external validity if A. Massachusetts also allowed beach walking to be an appropriate P. E. activity. B. the two income distributions were very similar. C. the student-to-teacher ratio did not differ by more than five on average. D. the institutional settings in California and Massachusetts, such as organization in classroom instruction and curriculum, were similar in the two states.

the institutional settings in California and Massachusetts, such as organization in classroom instruction and curriculum, were similar in the two states.

Explanation:

External Validity is simply the way to go or extent to which the results of the experiment can be use for all(generally) or used(extended) to people, settings, times, measures, and other characteristics than those in the original experiment.

The analysis is externally valid holds the view that its inferences and conclusions can be view to all that is generalized from the population and setting studied to other populations and settings.

Types of External Validity

1) Sample Characteristics

2) Stimulus Characteristics

3) Reactivity of Experimental Arrangement

4) Multiple Treatment Interference

5) Novelty Effect and others.

Generalization

The way to which relationships among conceptual variables can be shown in a wide variety of people and a wide variety of manipulated or measured variables.