The statistics in the table illustrate population changes associated with -

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Population of Selected U.S. Cities, 1840–1870

Urban Area1840185018601870

New York, NY312,710515,547813,669...942,292

Baltimore, MD102,313169,054212,418...267,354

New Orleans, LA102,193116,375168,675...191,418

Philadelphia, PA93,665121,376565,529...674,022

Boston, MA93,383136,881177,840250,526

The statistics in this table illustrate population changes associated with —the rise of industrialism in the United States

the establishment of a federal income tax

a prolonged food shortage in the United States

a lengthy war over disputed territory

the rise of industrialism in the United States

Explanation:

As we can see in the table shown above, the cities presented show a progressive population growth, showing larger numbers as the information progresses. This period of progressive population growth was introduced in American cities during the period of rise of industrialism in the country. That's because industrialism was the time when living conditions got better for the American population, allowing birth rates to get higher and death rates to get lower, promoting great population growth.