Regarding the short-run cost model, the vertical distance between the average total cost (ATC) curve and the average variable cost (AVC) curve is: total cost (TC). average fixed cost (AFC). variable cost (VC). marginal cost (MC).

average fixed cost (AFC).

Explanation:

The distance between the ATC and AVC curves refers to AFC. This is because the ATC value is found by adding the values of AFC and AVC, which shows that AFC is the path of these two other values.

The AFC corresponds to the total cost of production divided by the number of goods produced, it can also be found by adding all the variable costs and all the average costs.

the fourth amendment protects:

"the right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized."  

so this would mean the denial to search and seizure without warrant or permission.

these are the choices

local priests

european monarchs

common people

bible translators