How did charlemagne’s relationship with the catholic church benefit both the emperor and the pope?

Karin bought illegal firearms at a gun show. at her trial, she alleged that she had committed this crime because her boyfriend had threatened to harm her and her two daughters if she did not. her lawyer asked the judge to instruct the jury that the prosecution had an obligation to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that karin had acted freely. instead, the judge told the jury that karin had the burden of proving duress by a preponderance of the evidence. who is correct?

This quote by presidential candidate donald trump in 2016 reveals his stance as judicial reviewer loose constructionist federalist originalist

For 50 points a crustacean is a. both a consumer and a predator b. both a predator and a prey animal c. both a producer and a predator d. prey only