Which of the following was not something spartan boys learned a. reading and writing b. stealing c. music and poetry d. banking

B. stealing would be the correct answer i believe.

An informal structure in a bureaucracy would be something like so-called "office politics". where there's a formal structure set up for the organization, but then an informal subculture as well that has a way of organizing the bureaucracy further. this can be positive because it sets up an added degree of organization, albeit informal, within the bureaucracy.