Scientists classify behaviors as either innate or learned, depending on whether the behavior has been influenced by previous experiences. they also attempt to determine both the proximate causes and ultimate causes of the behaviors they study.

A question about why a behavior occurs relates to ultimate causation.

A learned behavior is shaped by experiences.

If an animals experience during development does not influence a response, the response is most likely an innate behavior.

A fixed action pattern is an example of innate behavior.

A learned behavior can vary widely within a species.

A scientist who questions the evolutionary history that a given behavior relates to is investigating its ultimate causation.

An action that is observed in embryos is an innate behavior.

A scientist examining the mechanism of a particular behavior is studying proximate causation.

they all focused on themes about the inevitability of death.