How does the system of checks and balances contribute to the common good (what's best for the people)?

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When the U.S. government as we know it today was first being formed, the founders of the Constitution thought it was best if the government was divided into three sections, or branches: the legislative, executive, and judicial branches. Each of the sections would also have its own separate powers: the legislative branch creates laws, the executive branch enforces laws, and the judicial branch interprets laws. This was done so that no one branch would become too dominant.

This concept of each branch having its own set of job duties and authoritative capacities is known as the concept of separation of powers. The concept of separation of powers is directly related to the system of checks and balances because each branch has its own set of powers (balances), and some of the capabilities that each branch has makes sure that another branch doesn't abuse its power (checks).

manifest functions are the recognized and intended consequences of any social pattern, while latent functions are those unrecognized and unintended consequences. to analyze the manifest functions of any social institution, we have to study its contribution to the continuation of a group, community, or society.