"considerable debate occurs regarding the use of anabolic steroid drugs like in professional athletes and bodybuilders."

I believe the answer is: Testosterone

Testosterone is the primary hormonal driver for muscle development. But, having too much testosterone in our system would lead to several negative effect, such as over aggressive behaviour, baldness, impotency, stroke, or even a heart attack.

a: social security and social programs

i believe the answer is: returns on investments, no wages

people who belong in upper class society would most likely get there by obtaining multiple source of income, which a certain percentage of ownership for businesses. since most of them are job creator, they would most likely get their money from profit, not wages.