Goods Across the World. How does this article fit into the larger production and distribution frame narrative for this course? Are companies like Apple and Starbucks really new, or are they similar to older ways of doing business around the world?

because this was the year that the state of israel was formed

the factors that the economies of the muslim empires prosper were:

1- land trade routes-located between three continents  

2- sea trade routes

trade contributed to the spread of muslim empires, and with that islamic culture led to a growing feeling of internationalism resulted in the transfer of technology, science, and other cultural forms.