The claims that social and economic inequality reflects differences in intelligence.

Conflict theory

Explanation:

In simple words, The rivalry among factions within civilization for scarce funds is the subject of conflict theory. According to conflict theory, social and economic structures are tools in the fight among categories or segments, and they are employed to preserve inequalities as well as the dominant class's power.

In its essence, the conflict theory states that successful people gets more fo the resource because they work hard and more intelligent  than the poor class.

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answer; face validity;