Courts that use a landmark case as precedent for a decision are using an earlier case as a guide.
changing the previous case’s decision.
using a third party to review the case.
sending the case to a higher court for review.

answer: musical connotation

leonard b. meyer (1918-2007) was an american composer, author and philosopher. his work emotion and meaning in music is perhaps the first major treatise on music. it is a philosophical and psychological work, greatly influenced by koffka (one of the major proponents of gestalt psychology). his work deals with the problem of musical meaning and musical communication.

i am a priest who cares deeply about the church. i have been called here to explain my views on indulgences and other proposed reforms. i would like to explain why my views are consistent with the bible and are correct.

even though you have attached neither the chart nor the generalizations, i have located them online. the right answer is d, since they are asking you about a generalization. you can only infer from the chart that between 2008 and 2009 the number of employed workers decreased significantly (from over 115 millions to 107 millions approximately), which signals some type of economic crisis.