People tend to show a preference for ingroups over outgroups even when group membership is determined at random, and even when they have never interacted with members of their ingroup. This tendency is known as

the median of the data is 4.

step-by-step explanation:

the median means the middle number of a given number.

to decide which one is the median, arrange in ascending or descending order. but sometimes, you may find two(2) number in the middle, but it's easy, just add them together and divide by 2.

so,   determine the median of the data. 2, 3, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9

it is already arranged, count 3 times forward and 3 backward and the one left is your answer.

2,3,3,4,5,7,9

our answer is 4.

hope this !

answer; ///it examines the interaction between genetics and culture in shaping human biology;

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citizens were able to charge more for their goods and services