The Federation Council is comprised of: a. Two members from each of Russia's federal regions and republics with one being appointed by the region's/republic's executive and the other by the region's/republic's legislature.
b. Two members from each of Russia's federal regions and republics, appointed by the Russian president.
c. Two members from each of Russia's federal regions and republics, with one being chosen through regional elections and one being appointed by the region's/republic's government
d. Members from each of Russia's federal regions and republics, with the number from each being proportional to the region's or republic's population