Which cause most directly led to Christopher Columbus being viewed as a villain?

Enslaving and massacring are only a couple of the horrid things Columbus did to the natives when he first arrived. He treated them and even his own crew very poorly. ... He enslaved thousands of natives and harshly punished them for every small mistake they made.

Explanation:

He enslaved the natives

During his voyages through the Caribbean islands and the Central and South American coasts, Columbus came upon indigenous people that he labeled "Indians."

Columbus and his men enslaved many of these native people and treated them with extreme violence and brutality,  

Throughout his years in the Americas, Columbus forced natives to work for the sake of profits. Later, he sent thousands of Taino "Indians" to Spain to be sold, and many of them died during the journey. The natives who weren't sold into slavery were forced to look for gold in mines and work on plantations.

While he was governor of what is now the Dominican Republic, Columbus killed many natives in response to their revolt, according to History.com. To prevent further rebellion, he would have the dead bodies paraded through the streets.

He brought new diseases

The indigenous societies of the Americas "were decimated by exposure to Old World diseases, crumbling under the weight of epidemic," Perry wrote in his CNN op-ed.

The Taino population weren't immune to diseases such as smallpox, measles and influenza, which were brought to their island of Hispaniola by Columbus and his men. In 1492, there were an estimated 250,000 indigenous people in Hispaniola, but by 1517, only 14,000 remained,  

Some historians believe that the impact of European and African settlers in the New World possibly killed as much as 90% of the native populations and was deadlier than the Black Death was in medieval Europe, OMRF said.

the correct answer is "c": the pillars proclaimed his regret at the bloodshed at the battle of kalinga and his conversion to buddhism.

the kalinga war is considered as one of the largest battles in the history of india. it was fought between the between the maurya empire, which ruled the lands of what is now known as india at the time, and the independent feudal kingdom of kalinga.

the army of maurya empire, led by its king ashoka, fought a prolonged war against kalinga. the war ended around 262 bce with the victory of the maurya empire. it is believed that ashoka, after having witnessed the loss of many lives during this war, felt deep responsibility and eventually converted into buddhism.