A woman eats a ham dinner not realizing the ham has gone bad. She then becomes very sick from the ham. After that incident, even the smell of ham makes her sick to her stomach. Using classical conditioning, which part of this scenario is the unconditioned response

Suppose that sociologists and cultural anthropologists are tying to measure the amount of child abuse for cross cultural comparison. they run into disagreement over whether spanking a child is abuse or discipline. what problem are they encountering in their research? a. reliability of the definition of abuse. b. validity of the definition of abuse. c. occam's razor about the definition of abuse. d. none of these.