What was one result of Adarand Constructors, Inc. v. Pena? Some programs that promoted equal opportunity and affirmative action
faced cutbacks due to the Court's ruling.
Programs that provided incentives for hiring minority-owned business
were legal and could not be challenged.
Programs related to equal opportunity and affirmative action were
unconstitutional and therefore illegal.
Contractors that felt women could not do the job could refuse to award
subcontracts to companies owned by women.

Adarand Constructors, Inc. v. Peña was a case decided by the United States Supreme Court in 1995. The Supreme Court held that racial classifications imposed by the federal government must be analyzed under a standard of strict scrutiny and that race is not a sufficient condition for a presumption of disadvantage.

abolish

do away with

unanimous

in complete agreement

secede

separate; break free

inauguration

starting a new position with a formal ceremony.

cooperationist

people who wanted the north to cooperate with the south

surrender

to give up

volunteer

perform a service for free

draft

involuntary service in military

retreat

withdraw; move away from enemy

advisor

expert who gives advice

explanation:

the answer is solomon northrup. he was a free-born african american, abolitionist and professional violinist that was drugged, kidnapped and sold as slave in 1841 and remained in captivity until 1853 where he regained his freedom with the of the then-governor of new york, washington hunt. he wrote and published his memoirs "twelve years a slave" in 1853, and in this text, he tells the story of his escape thru one of louisiana's swamps (the great pacoudrie swamp) in which he ended up covered in green slime from crossing the surface of the dead water.