What was one result of Adarand Constructors, Inc. v. Pena? Some programs that promoted equal opportunity and affirmative action

faced cutbacks due to the Court's ruling.

Programs that provided incentives for hiring minority-owned business

were legal and could not be challenged.

Programs related to equal opportunity and affirmative action were

unconstitutional and therefore illegal.

Contractors that felt women could not do the job could refuse to award

subcontracts to companies owned by women.