How did shang kings retain their power over such a large population and vast territory?

I would argue that, on the one hand, it was because of the development of innovative weapons, some of them made of bronze, such as bronze-tipped halberds and spears, the compound bow, and the horse-drawn chariot, which allowed soldiers to move faster and with greater agility, and their leaders to cover greater distances in order to supervise their troops and issue orders - warfare was a more efficient and effective method of conflict resolution. However, they were able to rule a big population and manage a wide region and its natural and material resources effectively thanks to their government's highly stratified structure, which included numerous and specialized roles.

Concurrent jurisdiction is the ability to exercise judicial review by different courts at the same time, within the same territory, and over the same subject matter. for instance, a domestic violence matter may be heard in either a general civil court or a family court in the same county.i hope that this you : )

Ithink it’s bill gates.