Baby jane, three days old, is shown four drawings: a bright blue square, a white oval, a yellow circle, and a drawing of a face. according to fantz' research, which drawing would she probably prefer to look at?

this null effect is caused by a weak manipulation and ineffective internal validity. in a scientific study, as the one dr. morimoto is trying to perfom, internal validity refers to the confidence placed in the cause-effect relationship and to how well an experiment is done and able to eliminate confounding variables.