In tolman's maze-running rats experiment, it was discovered that learning could happen without reinforcement, and then later affect behavior. tolman referred to this change in behavior as

The 6th amendment's guarantee of a speedy and public trial is aimed at a. deterring potential criminals by fear of swift and certain punishment. b. trying those accused of crimes without undue delay and avoiding secret trials. c. eliminating overcrowded dockets in the nation's criminal courts. d. preventing jurors from being unduly influenced by public opinion.