Ayoung woman hears cicadas chirping outside of her window. the last time she heard this noise, she was a teenager in middle school (about 13 years ago). the fact that these insects emerge every 13 years is due to the fact that cicadas have clocks.

While action research is gaining popularity among students, why is this methodological approach controversial among more traditional social scientists? a. it is aligned with values, challenging objectivity. b. irb approval is not required. c. research goals come before practical goals. d. it strictly adheres to ideal-type models?