The understanding stage in the listening process involves select one: a. decoding a message exactly the same way as it was encoded by the speaker. b. grasping both the thoughts that were expressed and the emotional tone that accompanies them. c. anticipating what the speaker will say next. d. tuning out the emotional element of the message and focusing only on the content of what is being said.

What was piaget's explanation as to why preschool-age children in the preoperational stage make errors on tasks requiring conservation? a) preschool children's tendency toward centration prevents them from focusing on other relevant features of a situation b) preschool children have not yet developed numerical understanding; therefore, different amounts are meaningless c) preschool children's neural-visual network is not fully matured d) preschool children have not lived long enough and accrued enough experience to know the difference between quantities